3D metallic nanostructure fabrication by surfactant-assisted multiphoton-induced reduction.

A laser direct-writing technique employing multiphoton absorption processes has become a powerful and widely used tool in the fabrication of micro-/nanometer-scale structures in the past decade because of its 3D fabrication ability. Using this technique, a number of 2D and 3D microstructures have been successfully created with polymers, glasses, and metals. In particular, since nanoscale metals exhibit unprecedented and unique properties such as electromagnetic field enhancement, catalysis, photoemission, and electronic conductivity never found in their bulk states, metal structures with nanoscale geometries have received much attention from various fields such as plasmonics, electronics, bioscience, and